精選答案斯大林1941年十一月七日紅場閱兵演講全文如下:
紅軍和紅海軍戰(zhàn)士,指揮官和政治工作人員,男工和女工,集體農(nóng)莊男女莊員,腦力勞動者們,在敵人后方,暫時陷在強盜壓迫下的兄弟姐妹們!我們那些破壞德寇后方的光榮的游擊隊男女隊員們!
我代表蘇維埃政府和我們布爾什維克黨向你們致敬,并慶祝偉大的十月社會主義革命二十四周年。
同志們!今天是我們在嚴(yán)重條件下來慶祝十月革命二十四周年。德寇背信棄義的進(jìn)攻,及其強迫我們進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)爭,造成了威脅我國的危險。我們暫時失去了一些區(qū)域,敵人已經(jīng)進(jìn)犯到列寧格勒和莫斯科的門前。敵人指望在第一次打擊之后,我們國家立即屈膝投降??墒牵瑪橙舜蟠蟮氖懔?。我們的陸軍和海軍雖然遭到暫時的失利,但還是在全部戰(zhàn)線上英勇的擊退著敵人的攻擊,給敵人以嚴(yán)重?fù)p失,并且我們的國家,我們?nèi)珖M成了統(tǒng)一的戰(zhàn)斗陣營,以便我們陸軍和海軍一起實行粉碎德國侵略者。
我國有過比現(xiàn)在處境更加危急的時日。試回憶1918年,我們慶祝十月革命周年紀(jì)念時的情況吧。當(dāng)時我國四分之三的領(lǐng)土都落在外國武裝干涉者手中。我們暫時失去了烏克蘭、高加索、中亞細(xì)亞、烏拉爾、西伯利亞和遠(yuǎn)東等地區(qū)。當(dāng)時我們沒有聯(lián)盟者,沒有紅軍——我們才開始創(chuàng)建紅軍——糧食不足,武器不夠,被服缺少。當(dāng)時有十四個國家圍攻我國??墒俏覀儾辉倚?,不曾喪氣。當(dāng)時我們在戰(zhàn)爭的火焰中組織了紅軍,并把我國變成軍營。當(dāng)時,偉大的列寧精神鼓舞了我們?nèi)ミM(jìn)行戰(zhàn)爭反對武裝干涉者。結(jié)果怎樣呢?我們擊潰了武裝干涉者,收回了一切失地,并爭得了勝利。
我國現(xiàn)時的狀況要比二十三年前要好得多。我國比之二十三年前,無論就工業(yè)、糧食或原料方面來說,都要富足許多倍。我們現(xiàn)在有同盟國與我們結(jié)成反對德國侵略者的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線。我們現(xiàn)在有陷入希特勒暴政壓迫下的歐洲各國人民的同情和擁護(hù)。我們現(xiàn)在有精良的陸海軍挺身保衛(wèi)祖國的自由和獨立。我們無論在糧食、武器或被服方面都不感嚴(yán)重的缺乏。我們?nèi)珖覈髯迦嗣穸家恢轮г覀兊年戃姾秃\?,幫助他們粉碎德國法西斯的侵略匪軍。我們的人員后備是無窮無盡的?,F(xiàn)在偉大列寧的精神和他勝利的旗幟,也如二十三年前那樣,鼓舞我們?nèi)ミM(jìn)行衛(wèi)國戰(zhàn)爭。
我們能夠并且一定戰(zhàn)勝德國侵略者,這樣難道可以懷疑么?
敵人并不像某些驚慌失措的知識分子所形容的那樣厲害。鬼并不像人們所描述的那樣可怕。誰能否認(rèn),我們紅軍曾屢次把轟動一時的德軍擊得倉皇逃竄呢?如果不妄信德國宣傳家的夸張聲明,而去按照德國真實狀況來判斷,那就不難了解德國法西斯侵略者是處在大破產(chǎn)的面前?,F(xiàn)在德國籠罩著饑餓和貧困,在四個月的戰(zhàn)爭中,德國損失了四百五十萬士兵,德國流血殆盡,他的人員后備正在窮竭,憤恨的精神不僅浸入到那些陷在德國侵略者壓迫下的歐洲各國人民中,而且浸入到感于戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束無期的德國本國人民中。德國侵略者正在緊張其最后的力量。毫無疑義,德國決不能長久支持這種緊張局面。再過幾個月,再過半年,也許一年——而希特勒德國就定會在其深重罪孽下破碎的。
紅軍和紅海軍戰(zhàn)士,指揮員和政治工作人員,游擊隊男女隊員同志們!全世界都望著你們,認(rèn)定你們是能夠消滅德國侵略者匪軍的力量。陷在德國侵略者枷鎖下被奴役的歐洲各國人民都指望著你們,認(rèn)定你們是他們的解放者。偉大的解放使命落到你們的肩上。要不愧為這個使命的承擔(dān)者呵!你們所進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)爭是解放的戰(zhàn)爭,正義的戰(zhàn)爭。讓我們的偉大祖先亞歷山大-涅夫斯基、季米特里-頓斯科伊、庫茲馬-米寧、季米特里-波札爾斯基、亞歷山大-蘇沃洛夫、米哈伊爾-庫圖佐夫的英姿,在這次戰(zhàn)爭中鼓舞著你們吧!讓偉大列寧的勝利旗幟指引著你們吧!
為完全粉碎德寇而戰(zhàn)!
消滅德寇!
我們光榮的祖國萬歲!我們祖國的自由和獨立萬歲!
在列寧旗幟下向勝利前進(jìn)!
JOSEPH STALIN'S SPEECH ON RED SQUARE ON ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION OF THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION
November 7, 1941
Comrades, Red Army and Red Navy men, commanders and political instructors, men and women workers, men and women collective farmers, intellectuals, brothers and sisters in the enemy rear who have temporarily fallen under the yoke of the German brigands, our glorious men and women guerrillas who are disrupting the rear of the German invaders!
On behalf of the Soviet Government and our Bolshevik Party I greet you and congratulate you on the 24th anniversary of the great October Socialist Revolution.
Comrades, today we must celebrate the 24th anniversary of the October Revolution in difficult conditions. The German brigands' treacherous attack and the war that they forced upon us have created a threat to our country. We have temporarily lost a number of regions, and the enemy is before the gates of Leningrad and Moscow.
The enemy calculated that our army would be dispersed at the very first blow and our country forced to its knees. But the enemy wholly miscalculated. Despite temporary reverses, our army and our navy are bravely beating off enemy attacks along the whole front, inflicting heavy losses, while our country-our whole country-has organized itself into a single fighting camp in order, jointly with our army and navy, to rout the German invaders.
There was a time when our country was in a still more difficult position. Recall the year 1918, when we celebrated the first anniversary of the October Revolution. At that time three-quarters of our country was in the hands of foreign interventionists. We had temporarily lost the Ukraine, the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. We had no allies, we had no Red Army-we had only just begun to create it-and we experienced a shortage of bread, a shortage of arms, a shortage of equipment.
At that time 14 states were arrayed against our country, but we did not become despondent or downhearted. In the midst of the conflagration of war we organized the Red Army and converted our country into a military camp. The spirit of the great Lenin inspired us at that time for the war against the interventionists.
And what happened? We defeated the interventionists, regained all our lost territories and achieved victory.
Today our country is in a far better position than it was 23 years ago. Today it is many times richer in industry, food and raw materials. Today we have allies who jointly with us form a united front against the German invaders. Today we enjoy the sympathy and support of all the peoples of Europe fallen under the yoke of Fascist tyranny. Today we have a splendid army and a splendid navy, defending the freedom and independence of our country with their lives. We experience no serious shortage either of food or of arms or equipment.
Our whole country, all the peoples of our country, are backing our army and our navy, helping them smash the Nazi hordes. Our reserves in manpower are inexhaustible. The spirit of the great Lenin inspires us for our patriotic war today as it did 23 years ago.
Is it possible, then, to doubt that we can and must gain victory over the German invaders? The enemy is not as strong as some terror-stricken pseudo-intellectuals picture him. The devil is not as terrible as he is painted. Who can deny that our Red Army has more than once put the much-vaunted German troops to panicky flight?
If one judges by Germany's real position and not by the boastful assertions of German propagandists, it will not be difficult to see that the Nazi German invaders are facing disaster.
Hunger and poverty reign in Germany. In four and a half months of war Germany has lost four and a half million soldiers. Germany is bleeding white; her manpower is giving out. A spirit of revolt is gaining possession not only of the nations of Europe under the German invaders' yoke, but of the Germans themselves, who see no end to the war.
The German invaders are straining their last forces. There is no doubt that Germany cannot keep up such an effort for any long time. Another few months, another half year, one year perhaps-and Hitlerite Germany must collapse under the weight of its own crimes.
Comrades, Red Army and Red Navy men, commanders and political instructors, men and women guerrillas!
The whole world is looking to you as a force capable of destroying the brigand hordes of German invaders. The enslaved peoples of Europe under the yoke of the German invaders are looking to you as their liberators. A great mission of liberation has fallen to your lot.
Be worthy of this mission! The war you are waging is a war of liberation, a just war. Let the heroic images of our great ancestors-Alexander Nevsky, Dmitri Donskoi, Kusma Minin, Dmitri Pozharsky, Alexander Suvorov, Mikhail Kutuzov-inspire you in this war!
Let the victorious banner of the great Lenin fly over your heads!
Utter destruction to the German invaders!
Death to the German armies of occupation!
Long live our glorious motherland, her freedom and her independence!
Under the banner of Lenin-onward to victory!