美國賓夕法尼亞州文化歷史久遠(yuǎn),位于該州的賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)建于1740年,是該州最早的設(shè)立的大學(xué),那么美國賓夕法尼亞州有哪些頂尖大學(xué)呢?跟著學(xué)校百科網(wǎng)(https://www.zhixiao1.cn/liuxue/)一起來了解一下吧,歡迎閱讀。
前言:賓夕法尼亞州文化古老,大學(xué)很多。設(shè)立最早的大學(xué)是賓夕法尼亞大學(xué),建立于1740年。最著名的獨立學(xué)院是迪金森學(xué)院,建于1773年,該學(xué)院位于哈里斯堡西南的小城卡萊爾市內(nèi),現(xiàn)已被賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)合并。位于費城的博物館包括:費城藝術(shù)博物館、賓州藝術(shù)美術(shù)學(xué)院、藝術(shù)聯(lián)盟、巴恩斯博物館、以及賓州大學(xué)博物館。該州其他的博物館還有:位于匹茲堡的卡內(nèi)基藝術(shù)博物館、佛力克藝術(shù)博物館、以及匹德堡博物館;位于哈里斯堡的州立博物館和科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)博物館;位于蘭卡斯特附近的賓州農(nóng)業(yè)博物館;位于波斯伯格附近的賓州軍事博物館;以及位于伊斯頓的運河博物館。
一、賓夕法尼亞州縱覽
Pennsylvania has the US’s sixth biggest population, currently at 12.7 million.
Before Washington DC was founded, Philadelphia was the capital of the US.
Pennsylvania is home to one of the largest Amish communities in the world, a religious group known for their avoidance of advanced technologies and focus on communal life.
Pittsburgh is a city of firsts – the US’s first baseball stadium, commercial radio station and automobile service station were all produced in the city.
Philadelphia has its own signature sandwich, the Philly cheesesteak – a sandwich of (you guessed it) cheese and steak.
On the second of February every year, the residents of Punxsutawney hold the world’s largest Groundhog Day celebrations (a ceremony to predict the arrival of spring starring a groundhog, otherwise known as a woodchuck) with groundhog Punxsutawney Phil holding celebrity status.
Famous Pennsylvanians include actor Will Smith, comedian Tina Fey, artist Andy Warhol, poet Ezra Pound, academic Noam Chomsky, scientist and Founding Father of the US Benjamin Franklin, and current US vice president, Joe Biden.
Pennsylvania grows more mushrooms than any other state – Kennet Square in Chester County is known as the “Mushroom Capital of the World”.
賓夕法尼亞州是美國第六大人口,目前為1270萬。
在華盛頓特區(qū)成立之前,費城是美國的首都。
賓夕法尼亞是世界上最大的亞米希社區(qū)之一,這是一個以避免先進技術(shù)和集中于社區(qū)生活而聞名的宗教團體。
匹茲堡是一個第一的城市——美國第一個棒球場、商業(yè)電臺和汽車服務(wù)站都是在這個城市生產(chǎn)的。
費城有自己的招牌三明治,Philly cheesesteak(你猜對了)奶酪和牛排的三明治。
每年2月2日,Punxsutawney的居民會舉辦世界上最大的土撥鼠日慶?;顒?一場由土撥鼠來預(yù)測春天到來的儀式,另一種被稱為土撥鼠)和土撥鼠(土撥鼠)的菲爾擁有名人的地位。
著名的賓夕法尼亞人包括演員威爾·史密斯、喜劇演員蒂娜·菲、藝術(shù)家安迪·沃霍爾、詩人埃茲拉·龐德、學(xué)者諾姆·喬姆斯基、科學(xué)家、美國的開國之父本杰明·富蘭克林以及現(xiàn)任美國副總統(tǒng)喬·拜登。
賓夕法尼亞種植的蘑菇比其他任何州都多——切斯特縣的Kennet廣場被稱為“世界蘑菇之都”。
二、氣候條件
Pennsylvania, located in the northeast of the US in the Great Lakes region, is the sixth most populated US state, with a GDP equivalent to Indonesia.Nicknamed the Keystone State for its proximity to numerous regions, Pennsylvania is bordered in the north by Lake Erie, across which lies Canada, and to the south by the Mason-Dixie line which traditionally marks the beginning of America’s southern regions. Also in the east lies the cultural capital of New York and, in the west, the states of Ohio and West Virginia.Although Pennsylvania’s major urban centers dominate common perceptions of the state, its geography is varied. Spanning incredibly diverse terrain, including rivers, coasts and plateaus, Pennsylvania also plays host to a large section of the Appalachian Mountains, which run straight through its center, linking the state to the Canadian province of Newfoundland. Other natural forests and mountain areas include the Poconos region and the Allegheny National Forest.
If you want to get out of the city, there’s no shortage of options. The battle sites of Gettysburg and Valley Gorge will excite history buffs, or you might like to visit the great Amish communities in the south. Many small towns which crop up throughout the state are also worth visiting for their artsy locals and trendy shops.Of the universities in Pennsylvania, seven are featured in the 2013/14 QS World University Rankings, with one belonging to the prestigious Ivy League.
賓州的氣候頗為適中,夏季溫暖而潮濕,冬季則頗為寒冷。全州的溫度變化不一;南部與東部通常較北部與西部來得溫暖。位于東南部的費城,其一月與七月的平均溫度分別為攝氏一點一度與二十五度。位于西南部的匹茲堡,其一月與七月的均溫則分別是攝氏零下二點二度與二十三點九度。該州全年的降雪量,在費城是51公分,而在伊利則可高達229公分。
位于美國東北部大湖地區(qū)的賓夕法尼亞州,是美國人口第六多的州,其GDP相當(dāng)于印度尼西亞。別名“拱心石”的賓州毗鄰眾多地區(qū),北靠伊利湖,位于加拿大境內(nèi),南面是梅森-迪克西線,傳統(tǒng)上標(biāo)志著美國南部地區(qū)的開始。東部還有紐約的文化之都,西部,俄亥俄州和西弗吉尼亞州。盡管賓夕法尼亞州的主要城市中心主導(dǎo)著對該州的普遍看法,但它的地理位置卻各不相同。賓夕法尼亞州的地形極其多樣,包括河流、海岸和高原,同時也在阿巴拉契亞山脈的一大片土地上運行,這些山脈直直地穿過其中心,將該州與加拿大紐芬蘭省連接起來。其他天然林和山區(qū)包括波科諾斯地區(qū)和阿勒格尼國家森林。
如果你想離開這個城市出去探索更多你可以選擇葛底斯堡和山谷峽谷的戰(zhàn)場,在那里會激發(fā)歷史愛好者的興趣或者你可能會去拜訪南部的亞米希人社區(qū)。許多小鎮(zhèn)在全國各地都有出現(xiàn),也值得去當(dāng)?shù)氐乃囆g(shù)區(qū)和時髦的商店。賓夕法尼亞州共有7所大學(xué)進入了世界大學(xué)排名,屬于著名的常春藤盟校。
三、賓夕法尼亞州的頂尖大學(xué)
1.賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)
The fourth oldest university in the US, ranking an impressive 13th in the world, the University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League research university with a student population of over 24,000, located in the city of Philadelphia (one of the world’s top 50 cities for students, according to the 2013 Best Student Cities index). The founder of the University of Pennsylvania was none other than Benjamin Franklin, who advocated a multidisciplinary model and enabled the school to become respected in a wide number of fields. Its research and development budget is one of the largest in the nation, with over US$800 million being spent yearly on subjects as diverse as cancer research, pensions and retirement, government and cartographic modeling.based on the 2014 QS World University Rankings by Subject, the university is currently within the global top 20 for its offerings in medicine, psychology, linguistics, English language and literature, economics and accounting and finance.
作為美國大學(xué)中第4古老的賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)位于費城的(世界上最大的50個城市之一的學(xué)生,根據(jù)2013年最好的學(xué)生城市指數(shù))世界排名為13位,是一所私立、常春藤盟校的研究型大學(xué),學(xué)生超過24000人。賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人正是本杰明·富蘭克林,他倡導(dǎo)一種多學(xué)科的模式,使學(xué)校在眾多領(lǐng)域中得到尊重。它的研發(fā)預(yù)算是全國最大的,每年有超過8億美元用于癌癥研究、養(yǎng)老金和退休、政府和制圖建模等不同領(lǐng)域。根據(jù)2014年QS世界大學(xué)排名,該大學(xué)目前在醫(yī)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、語言學(xué)、英語和文學(xué)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)、會計和金融學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的排名處于全球前20位。
2.卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)
Another private research university, Carnegie Mellon University has a much lower current enrollment of just under 13,000 students. Ranked 57th in the world, the university’s main campus is located three miles from downtown Pittsburgh on 144 acres amongst a suburban neighborhood surrounded by parks and greenery.Asides from its main Pittsburgh location, Carnegie Mellon University has campuses in California’s Silicon Valley, New York’s financial district (the Tepper School of Business), Australia and Qatar, with plans to open a campus in Rwanda. The school has a strong presence in the FAME subjects (finance, accounting, management and economics), and ranks within the global top 20 for mathematics, material sciences, statistics and computer science (in which it ranks third in the world). The school is also well known for its research in the field of sustainable energy.
另一所私立研究型大學(xué)卡內(nèi)基·梅隆大學(xué)現(xiàn)有的在校生數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)低于13,000名。這所大學(xué)世界第57位,主校區(qū)位于離匹茲堡市區(qū)有三英里遠(yuǎn),占地144英畝,周圍是公園和綠色植物??▋?nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)主要位于匹茲堡,在加州的硅谷、紐約金融區(qū)(泰珀商學(xué)院)、澳大利亞和卡塔爾都設(shè)有校區(qū),計劃在盧旺達開設(shè)分校。這所學(xué)校在名人(金融、會計學(xué)、管理學(xué)和經(jīng)濟學(xué))方面有很強的影響力,在數(shù)學(xué)、材料科學(xué)、統(tǒng)計學(xué)和計算機科學(xué)(在世界上排名第三)中位列全球前20名。該學(xué)校也因其在可持續(xù)能源領(lǐng)域的研究而聞名。
3.匹茲堡大學(xué)
Also located in Pennsylvania’s second city of Pittsburgh is the University of Pittsburgh, which ranks 106th in the world. Home to a current student population of almost 29,000, the University of Pittsburgh is a state-related (receiving funding from the state but operating independently) research institution that has been noted for its service to the local community and its impact on the economy. The school is particularly notable for its historic architecture and its 42-story Cathedral of Learning.The University of Pittsburgh makes its strongest appearance in the 2014 QS World University Rankings by Subject in the field of philosophy, for which it’s ranked third in the world.
位于賓夕法尼亞州第二城市匹茲堡的匹茲堡大學(xué)排名世界第106位。匹茲堡大學(xué)目前擁有近2.9萬名學(xué)生,是國家相關(guān)的(但獨立運作的)研究大學(xué),因其服務(wù)于當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)及其對經(jīng)濟的影響而聞名。匹茲堡大學(xué)在2014年QS世界大學(xué)的排名中,在哲學(xué)領(lǐng)域的排名是最強勁的,在全球排名第三。
4.賓州州立大學(xué)
Affectionately known as Penn State, Pennsylvania State University is the largest and highest-ranked public institution in the state, with a current enrollment of over 45,500 students in its flagship University Park campus alone (90,000 in total). Ranked joint 107th in the world, the school’s main campus is situated between the big cities of Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, approximately two to three hours’ drive away from each. The campus is surrounded largely by forest, perfect for students with a love for nature.Pennsylvania State University is ranked within the world’s top 100 in a number of subject areas, including agriculture and forestry, Earth and marine sciences, geography and material sciences.Other universities in Pennsylvania which feature in the 2013/14 QS World University Rankings include Drexel University (481-490 in the world), Lehigh University (551-600 in the world) and Temple University (551-600 in the world).
賓州州立大學(xué)被親切地稱為賓州州立大學(xué),是該州規(guī)模最大、排名最高的公立大學(xué),目前在校園內(nèi)的學(xué)生人數(shù)超過45,500人(總數(shù)為9萬人)。排名世界第107位的學(xué)校的主校區(qū)位于匹茲堡和費城的大城市之間,距離每個城市大約兩到三個小時的車程。校園四周環(huán)繞著森林,對熱愛自然的學(xué)生來說是完美的。賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)在一些學(xué)科領(lǐng)域排名世界前100,包括農(nóng)業(yè)和林業(yè),地球和海洋科學(xué),地理和材料科學(xué)。在2013年至2014年的QS世界大學(xué)排名中,賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的排名包括德雷塞爾大學(xué)(世界排名481 - 490)、Lehigh University(世界排名551 - 600)和坦普爾大學(xué)(551 - 600)。
5.其他相關(guān)信息(源自網(wǎng)絡(luò))
a.私立大學(xué)
利哈伊大學(xué)Lehigh University:位于伯利恒的名校,以工科和商科見長。
甘農(nóng)大學(xué)Gannon University:位于伊利的以學(xué)生為中心的學(xué)校,按猶太基督教的慣例致力于大學(xué)生和研究生的全面發(fā)展。
卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)Carnegie Mellon University:是匹茲堡東郊雙雄之一,規(guī)模不大的私立大學(xué),在人文藝術(shù)及計算機科學(xué)方面堪稱世界頂尖。
賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)University of Pennsylvania:位于費城南郊,常青藤聯(lián)盟的八所學(xué)校之一,建立時間早于美國,長于各種自然科學(xué)及社會科學(xué),其沃頓商學(xué)院尤為著名。
德雷克塞爾大學(xué)Drexel University:費城市區(qū)的一所私立大學(xué)。該大學(xué)擁有的1600多家企業(yè),政府和非盈利性的合作伙伴,包括一流的跨國律師事務(wù)所,銀行,企業(yè),和許多“財富”500強企業(yè),如高盛,微軟,寶潔等。
迪尤肯大學(xué)Duquesne University:四年制私立天主教大學(xué),位于匹茲堡市區(qū),其藥劑學(xué)的聲譽相當(dāng)不錯。
巴克內(nèi)爾大學(xué)Bucknell University:位于賓夕法尼亞中部劉易斯堡的一所小型文理學(xué)院,其本科生畢業(yè)就業(yè)質(zhì)量僅次于達特茅斯學(xué)院,高居全美第二。
威爾克斯大學(xué)Wilkes University:建于1933年,前身是巴克內(nèi)爾大學(xué)分校,畢業(yè)生質(zhì)量優(yōu)秀,學(xué)校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科為商科及工科。
維拉諾瓦大學(xué)Villanova University:位于美國賓夕法尼亞州費城西北郊一所私立大學(xué),是賓夕法尼亞州歷史最悠久,規(guī)模最大的天主教大學(xué)。
布林茅爾學(xué)院Bryn Mawr College:位于費城郊區(qū)的一所著名的女校。
富蘭克林和馬歇爾學(xué)院Franklin and Marshall College:位于賓州中南部的一所文理學(xué)院。
哈弗福德學(xué)院Haverford College:位于費城郊區(qū)的一所宗教指向的文理學(xué)院。
斯沃斯莫爾學(xué)院Swarthmore College:位于費城的著名頂尖文理學(xué)院,美國本科教育的標(biāo)榜院校之一。
拉法耶特學(xué)院Lafayette College:位于伊斯頓的著名文理學(xué)院。
b.州關(guān)聯(lián)大學(xué)
(州關(guān)聯(lián)大學(xué)是賓夕法尼亞特有的大學(xué)類別,這些學(xué)校名義上是公立大學(xué),實際上主要有私立大學(xué)的特性,以私立大學(xué)的方式運營。)
賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)The Pennsylvania State University: 擁有至少24個校區(qū)的大型綜合性大學(xué),屬于十大聯(lián)盟,被稱為公立常青藤,以工程和地學(xué)類聞名。
匹茲堡大學(xué)University of Pittsburgh:歷史悠久的州關(guān)聯(lián)大學(xué),位于匹茲堡東郊,與卡內(nèi)基梅隴大學(xué)一街之隔。它屬于大東方聯(lián)盟,并即將加入十大聯(lián)盟。其醫(yī)學(xué)院享譽世界。
天普大學(xué)Temple University:位于費城的州關(guān)聯(lián)大學(xué),在東海岸有一定影響力。
林肯大學(xué)Lincoln University:美國第一個可以授予學(xué)位上的黑人大學(xué),位于費城附近的切斯特郡。
c.公立大學(xué)
賓夕法尼亞沒有很好的純公立大學(xué),比較著名的包括哈里斯堡大學(xué)、賓夕法尼亞加利福尼亞大學(xué)和賓夕法尼亞伊利諾伊大學(xué)等。
四、宜居城市
1.費城
Home of the Fresh Prince until his mum made him move away, Philadelphia is an urban hub less than 90 miles away from New York City. Although not quite competing with the glamour and international popularity of NYC, Philly is every bit as alive.Developed in education and financial services, Philadelphia is one of the most affluent cities in the country, belonging to the sixth biggest metropolitan area. Those wishing to study in Pennsylvania within the fields of law or medicine are particularly spoilt for choice, with many of the universities in Philadelphia known within these areas.The culture of the city is also truly appealing, with food, music and arts scenes continuing to burgeon and a nightlife that is student-oriented and never boring. Each of the city’s neighborhoods holds a distinct personality, some affluent and brimming with manicured gardens, some still holding on to blue-collar roots, and some serving as reminders of America’s past with well-preserved historic buildings and gothic architecture.The city’s historic district, home to the iconic Liberty Bell and Independence Hall, holds an especially important place in US history, as this is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. And in between the mixture of modern and historic buildings, the city also contains 10,334 acres of parkland within its limits.
“活力王子”的母親帶他離開之前,費城還是一個距離紐約不到90公里的市中心,
盡管與紐約的魅力和國際知名度不太一樣,費城還是很有活力的。在教育和金融服務(wù)方面,費城是全國最富裕的城市之一,屬于第六大都市地區(qū)。那些希望在賓夕法尼亞州的法律或醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域?qū)W習(xí)的人,尤其被寵壞了,許多費城的大學(xué)都在這些領(lǐng)域內(nèi)。這個城市的文化也很吸引人,食物、音樂和藝術(shù)場景一直在萌芽,而夜生活則以學(xué)生為導(dǎo)向,從不令人厭煩。這座城市的每個街區(qū)都有著鮮明的個性,一些富裕的人,滿是修剪整齊的花園,還有一些人仍然保留著藍領(lǐng)階層的生活,有些人還在提醒著美國的過去,保存著保存完好的歷史建筑和哥特式建筑。這座城市歷史悠久的地區(qū),擁有標(biāo)志性的自由鐘和獨立大廳,在美國歷史上占有特別重要的地位,因為這是1776年簽署獨立宣言的地方。在現(xiàn)代和歷史建筑的混合中,這座城市也有10334英畝的公園用地。
2.匹茲堡
The state’s other major city is Pittsburgh, home to 2.4 million people. Formerly known as an industrial center during the 19th century, Pittsburgh has developed into a city dominated by financial services and the digital sector. Instead of the fumes of steel and coal factories, Pittsburgh now bears the title of one of the most “livable” areas in the country.Sitting at the convergence of the Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers which join to form the Ohio River, Pittsburgh is characterized by its waterways and hilled neighborhoods connected via an extensive number of pedestrian-friendly bridges.Not only does the city boast a number of the state’s best museums and parks, it also can offer a vibrant selection of places to eat, drink and socialize. Many significant musicians have also come out of the city, and it has been named the “Best Sports City” in the country, thanks in part to the strong sports culture prevalent at many of the universities in Pennsylvania.
該州的另一個主要城市是匹茲堡,人口240萬。匹茲堡曾在19世紀(jì)被稱為工業(yè)中心,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個由金融服務(wù)和數(shù)字部門主導(dǎo)的城市。匹茲堡現(xiàn)在沒有鋼鐵和煤炭工廠的煙霧,取而代之的是這個國家最“宜居”地區(qū)之一。匹茲堡坐落于莫農(nóng)加希拉河和阿勒格尼河的交匯處,這里匯集了俄亥俄河,它的特點是它的水路和通過大量行人友好的橋梁連接起來的社區(qū)。這座城市不僅擁有許多國家最好的博物館和公園,而且還能提供充滿活力的美食、飲料和社交場所。許多重要的音樂家也走出了這座城市,并被命名為這個國家的“最佳運動城市”,這在一定程度上要歸功于賓夕法尼亞州許多大學(xué)盛行的體育文化。
以上就是學(xué)校百科網(wǎng)的小編對美國賓夕法尼亞州有哪些知名大學(xué)以及美國賓夕法尼亞州有哪些知名大學(xué)的詳細(xì)介紹與分解,相信大家看完之后都已經(jīng)對這方面有了更詳細(xì)的認(rèn)識與了解。