精選答案一、名詞解釋：

1．教育目的：是社會對教育所要造就的社會個體的質(zhì)量規(guī)格的總的設(shè)想或規(guī)定。
Educational purposes: a community education to create the social individual vision of total quality specifications or requirements.

2．形式教育說：課程論中另一個長期引起爭論的問題，是怎樣看待知識在教學(xué)中的作用。一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，選擇某種知識作為課程．就是因?yàn)檫@種知識可以訓(xùn)練人的智力，使人變得更聰明。這就是所謂的“形式教育說”。
Forms of education, said: Another long-term course on controversial issues is how to look at the role of knowledge in teaching. One view is that the choice of a knowledge as a course. Because such knowledge can be trained human intelligence, people become more intelligent. This is the so-called "form of education, said."

3．實(shí)質(zhì)教育說：關(guān)于知識在教學(xué)中的作用，還有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，選擇某種知識作為課程的原因，就在于這種知識本身的價(jià)值。知識是人類智慧的結(jié)晶，是探求真理的鑰匙，人們掌握了知識，就可以利用它去實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的各種生活目的。教育學(xué)上把這種觀點(diǎn)稱為“實(shí)質(zhì)教育說”。

Real Education, said: on the role of knowledge in teaching, there is a view that the choice of knowledge as a reason for the course, is that the value of this knowledge itself. Knowledge is the crystallization of human wisdom is the key to exploring the truth, people mastered the knowledge, you can use it to achieve its purpose of all life. Education on to this view as "real education, said."

4．教學(xué)過程最優(yōu)化：是前蘇聯(lián)教育家巴班斯基（1927－2987）提出的教學(xué)理論和方法。20世紀(jì)70年代，為了克服學(xué)生普遍存在的留級、學(xué)習(xí)成績不佳的現(xiàn)象，巴班斯基提出，要對學(xué)校教學(xué)進(jìn)行整體優(yōu)化。教學(xué)過程的最優(yōu)化是指在一定的教學(xué)條件下尋求合理的教學(xué)方案，使教師和學(xué)生花最少的時間和精力獲得最好的教學(xué)效果，使學(xué)生獲得最好的發(fā)展。
Optimize the teaching process: the former Soviet Union Babanski educator (1927-2987) proposed the theory and methods of teaching. 70 years of the 20th century, in order to overcome the widespread repetition of students, poor academic performance of the phenomenon, Babanski should be made to the overall optimization of the school teaching. Optimization of the process of teaching is the teaching of certain reasonable conditions for teaching programs, so that teachers and students spend the least time and effort to get the best effect of teaching so that students get the best development.


5．教學(xué)評價(jià)：是對教學(xué)工作質(zhì)量所作的測量、分析和評定。它包括：對學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成績的評價(jià)，對教師教學(xué)質(zhì)量的評價(jià)和進(jìn)行課程評價(jià)。
Teaching evaluation: It is the quality of teaching by the measurement, analysis and assessment. It includes: the evaluation of student achievement, teaching quality of teacher evaluation and curriculum evaluation.

6．美育：又稱審美教育。是運(yùn)用藝術(shù)美、自然美和社會生活美培養(yǎng)受教育者正確的審美觀點(diǎn)和感受美、鑒賞美、創(chuàng)造美的能力的教育。
Aesthetic Education: also known as aesthetic education. Is the use of artistic beauty, natural beauty and social life of the United States train students correct the aesthetic point of view and feelings of beauty, appreciation of beauty, the ability to create beauty education.

7．學(xué)制：是學(xué)校教育制度的簡稱，指一個國家各級各類學(xué)校的系統(tǒng)，它規(guī)定各級各類學(xué)校的性質(zhì)、任務(wù)、入學(xué)條件、修業(yè)年限以及它們之間的關(guān)系。

Educational system: the school system is short, a country schools at all levels of the system, which provides various types of schools at all levels of the nature, mission, admission criteria, length of study and their relationships.

8．班級授課制：是一種集體教學(xué)形式。就是把學(xué)生按照年齡和知識水平分別編成不同的班級，根據(jù)周課表和作息時間表，由老師有計(jì)劃的對同一個班的全體學(xué)生同時進(jìn)行同樣內(nèi)容的教學(xué)的一種組織形式。
Class Teaching: Teaching is a collective form. Is to the students by age and level of knowledge of different classes were compiled, according to weekly schedule and work schedule, planned by the teacher for all students with a class teaching the same content simultaneously a form of organization.